Renal Anatomy
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Renal Pathology Atlas
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Horseshoe Kidney
- Usually found antenatally, asymptomatically
- 90% fused at the inferior pole
- 10% at superior pole
- Become trapped under the IMA around L3
- Usually found antenatally, asymptomatically
- May compress ureters
- Kidney function usually normal
- Postnatal ultrasound to evaluate for possible hydronephrosis
- ± Abdominal and Pelvic CT (with and without contrast)
- Serum Cr and GFR
- Increased risk for kidney stones and complicated pyelonephritis
- Greater risk to worsening kidney function
- Increased risk of malignancies (Wilms Tumor)
- Consider Turner’s Syndrome (50%-60% have horseshoe kidneys)
- Routine F/U and Close Surveillance
- Postnatal ultrasound to evaluate for possible hydronephrosis
- Renal Agenesis
- Absent Kidney formation, may be unilateral or bilateral
- Potter Sequence
- Bilateral Agenesis leading to oligohydramnios with lung hypoplasia, flat face with low set ears, and developmental defects of the extremities
- Dysplastic Kidney
- Non-inherited congenital malformation of the renal parenchyma characterized by cysts and abnormal tissue (cartilage)
- Usually unilateral, may be bilateral