Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Etiology
- Obstruction of blood flow in a coronary artery lumen, most commonly due to coronary artery atherosclerosis
Major RF: HLD, HTN, Smoking, DM, FH, Age >45M or 55F
- Premature CAD: 1st degree male relative diagnosed age <50 y/o or female <60 y/o
- SLE is a known risk factor for accelerated atherosclerosis and premature CHD
Symptoms
- Subclinical or Asymptomatic CAD
- Evidence of CAD w/o symptoms
Complications
- Heart Failure
- IHD/CAD = 60-75% of cases in developing world
- Cardiac Ischemia
- Unstable Angina: Mural thrombus
- Acute MI: Results from acute thromboses after plaque disruption
- SCD: Usually from fatal arrhythmia
- Chronic Stable Angina
Management
- Give all CAD patients Statins
- Reduced risk of death by 24%, reduced risk of stroke by 31%, and reduction in need for CABG or Coronary Angioplasty by 27%
- Aspirin for secondary prevention
- Increased risk of Thromboembolic events if stopped, 70% occur within 7-10 days